Sunday, June 12, 2011

WHO (2010): Occupiers only permit annual per capita total health expenditure of $29 in Occupied Afghanistan

WHO. Occupiers only permit annual per capita total health expenditure of $29 in Occupied Afghanistan

The World Health Organization (WHO) is the directing and coordinating authority for health within the United Nations system. It is responsible for providing leadership on global health matters, shaping the health research agenda, setting norms and standards, articulating evidence-based policy options, providing technical support to countries and monitoring and assessing health trends (see: http://www.who.int/about/en/ ).

WHO on “Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births)” and Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2006)” (2010):

[Occupied] Afghanistan Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 257… Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2006): 29;

[Occupier] Australia … Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 6… Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2006): 3,122;

[Occupier] France … Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 5… Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2006): 3,554;

[Occupier] Germany Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 5… Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2006): 3,328;

[Occupied] Haiti… Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 80Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2006): 96;

[Occupied] Iraq… Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 47Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2006): 124;

[Occupier] Netherlands … Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 5… Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2006): 3,383;

[Occupied Somalia] Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 145Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2001): 18;

[Partly Occupied] Syria Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 13 …Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2006): 109;

[Occupier] UK … Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 6…Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2006): 2,784; [Occupier] US Probability of dying under five (per 1 000 live births): 8…Total expenditure on health per capita (Intl $, 2006): 6,714.” [1].

[Articles 55 and 56 of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War demand that an Occupier must supply life-sustaining food and medical requisites “to the fullest extent of the means available to it” (see: http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/y4gcpcp.htm )].

[1]. WHO, Countries (2010): http://www.who.int/countries/en/ .

UN Population Division (2010) on huge Afghan infant deaths

UN POPULATION DIVISION. Occupied Afghanistan, 2001-2010: total non-violent excess deaths from deprivation 3.4 million; under-5 infants deaths 2.4 million (90% avoidable)

The UN Population Division is a section of the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs and provides updated demographic data about countries and regions of the World (see: http://www.un.org/esa/population/unpop.htm ).

UN Population Division, World Population Prospects: the 2008 Revision Population Database, data on US Alliance-occupied Occupied Afghanistan (2010): “2010 population 29,117,000 … 2005-2010 crude death rate 19.7 deaths per 1,000 population … 2005-2010 crude birth rate 46.6 births per 1,000 population … 2005-2010 under-5 mortality (both sexes) 235 deaths under age five per 1,000 live births …2010 population aged 0-4 5,166,000.” [1].

[From the above data and assuming an expected death rate for peaceful high birth rate countries of 4 per thousand of population per year, the above data, as of mid-December 2009 it is estimated that in Occupied Afghanistan post-invasion non-violent excess deaths total 3.4 million; post-invasion violent deaths total 1.1 million (assuming expert US-Australian advice that the level of violence has been 4 times lower in the Afghan War than in the Iraq War); post-invasion violent and non-violent avoidable deaths total 4.5 million; and post-invasion under-5 infant deaths total 2.4 million (90% avoidable and due to US Alliance war crimes in gross violence of the Geneva Convention – Articles 55 and 56 of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War demand that an Occupier must supply life-sustaining food and medical requisites “to the fullest extent of the means available to it” (see: http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/y4gcpcp.htm ) but according to the WHO (see: http://www.who.int/countries/en/ ) the “total annual expenditure on health per capita” permitted in Occupied Afghanistan is $29 as compared to $6,714 in Occupier US and $3,122 in Occupier racist, white Apartheid Australia)].

[1]. UN Population Division, World Population Prospects: the 2008 Revision Population Database, data on US Alliance-occupied Occupied Afghanistan (2010): http://esa.un.org/unpp/index.asp?panel=2 .

UNICEF. (2010): 338,000 under-5 year old infants die each year in US-occupied Afghanistan

UNICEF. 338,000 under-5 year old infants die each year under US Alliance guns in Occupied Afghanistan

UNICEF was established on 11 December 1946 by the United Nations to meet the emergency needs of children in post-war Europe and China. Its full name was the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund. In 1950, its mandate was broadened to address the long-term needs of children and women in developing countries everywhere. UNICEF became a permanent part of the United Nations system in 1953, when its name was shortened to the United Nations Children's Fund. However, UNICEF retained its original acronym. UNICEF's work is carried out in 191 countries through country programmes and National Committees. Some 88 per cent of the organization's approximately 7,200 posts are located in the field. There are eight regional offices and 126 country offices worldwide, as well as a research centre in Florence, a supply operation in Copenhagen and offices in Tokyo and Brussels. UNICEF headquarters are in New York (see: http://www.unicef.org/about/who/index_faq.html ).

UNICEF on under-5 year old infant deaths in US Alliance-occupied Occupied Afghanistan (2010): “Total population (thousands), 2007 - 27145 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting 2007 - 27145 end_of_the_skype_highlighting

Annual no. of under-5 deaths (thousands), 2007 – 338 … GNI per capita (US$), 2007 – 250 … Life expectancy at birth (years), 2007 – 44. [1].

[1].UNICEF: Afghanistan statistics (2010): http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/afghanistan_statistics.html .

US Law Professor Ali Khan: NATO committing Afghan Genocide

KHAN, Ali. US law professor: NATO committing Afghan Genocide as defined by UN Genocide Convention

Professor Ali Khan is a professor of law at the Washburn University School of Law, Topeka, Kansas (see: http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article19235.htm ).

Professor Ali Khan on Afghan Genocide (2008): “The Law. The Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (entered into force, 1951) is binding on all states including the 26 member states of NATO. The Genocide Convention is jus cogens, the law from which no derogation is allowed. It provides no exceptions for any nation or any organization of nations, such as the United Nations or NATO, to commit genocide. Nor does the Convention allow any exceptions to genocide "whether committed in time of peace or in time of war." Even traditional self-defense - let alone preemptive self-defense, a deceptive name for aggression – cannot be invoked to justify or excuse the crime of genocide. In murdering the Taliban, NATO armed forces systematically practice on a continual basis the crime of genocide that consists of three constituent elements - act, intent to destroy, and religious group.” [1].

[1]. Professor Ali Khan, “NATO genocide in Afghanistan”, Information Clearing House, 30 January 2008: http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article19235.htm .

Genocide Professor Adam Jones "silenced" over Afghan genocide comments

JONES, Adam. Genocide professor "silenced" over Afghan genocide comments

Professor Adam Jones is a Canadian professor of international studies at the Center for Research and Teaching in Economics (CIDE) in Mexico City. He is executive director of Gendercide Watch, a Web-based educational initiative that confronts gender-selective atrocities against men and women worldwide. Professor Adam Jones claims he was "silenced" on H-Genocide, an academic mailing list for the genocide-studies community, after attempting to post materials and commentary on the U.S.-led military campaign against Afghanistan. He is the author of “Genocide: a comprehensive introduction”(see: http://www.counterpunch.org/jones.html and http://www.genocidetext.net/ ).

Professor Adam Jones, in three consecutive rejected posts to the H-Genocide list, to which he subscribes, cited testimony from humanitarian organizations and United Nations staffers to the effect that the bombing campaign against Afghanistan was the major impediment to the delivery of desperately-needed food aid to the Afghan civilian population. In the first post (12 October 2001): "If coalition leaders are aware of the present situation, as most of the major humanitarian agencies and international media appear to be, and choose to continue the bombing in coming weeks ... could any resulting largescale mortality legitimately be termed genocidal?" [1].

[1]. CounterPunchwire, “Genocide scholar “silenced” on academic list for comments about bombing of Afghanitan”, 26 October 2001: http://www.counterpunch.org/jones.html .

Articles 55 and 56 of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilians in Time of War

GENEVA CONVENTION. Articles 55 and 56 of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilians in Time of War: Occupier must supply life-sustaining requisites "To the fullest extent of the means available to it "

Dr Gideon Polya summary of the carnage in Occupied Afghanistan and in the Muslim World in general from violent deaths and non-violent excess deaths from deprivation due to the US Alliance (5 December 2009): “Obama is complicit in the ongoing Palestinian Genocide, Iraqi Genocide and Afghan Genocide, these atrocities being associated, so far, with post-invasion non-violent excess deaths of 0.3 million, 1.0 million and 3.2 million, respectively; post-invasion violent deaths of 11,000, 1.3 million and 1.0 million, respectively (the latter figure assuming the conservative US adviser estimate that violence in Afghan War has been 4 times lower than in the Iraq War); post-invasion under-5 infant deaths of 0.2 million, 0.6 million and 2.3 million, respectively; and refugees totalling 7 million, 5-6 million and 3-4 million, respectively, with a further 2.5 million refugees from NW Pakistan generated under Obama war policies – a Palestinian Holocaust, Iraqi Holocaust and Afghan Holocaust and indeed a Palestinian Genocide, Iraqi Genocide and Afghan Genocide as defined by Article 2 of the UN Genocide Convention.

Indeed the Iraqi Genocide (1990-2009) involves 4.2 million violent and non-violent excess deaths and 1.8 million under-5 infant deaths as compared to the Afghan Genocide (2001-2009) involving 4.2 million violent and non-violent excess deaths and 2.3 million under-5 infant deaths, with the carnage of non-violent avoidable deaths under occupation due to US Alliance refusal to supply life-sustaining food and medical supplies demanded unequivocally of an Occupier “to the fullest extent of the means available to it” by Articles 55 and 56 of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War. Indeed WHO informs us that the total annual per capita health expenditure permitted by the US Occupier in Occupied Iraq and Occupied Afghanistan total $124 and $29, respectively , as compared to $6,714 in the US. [3].

The violent and non-violent avoidable deaths in both the Iraqi Genocide (4.2 million dead) and the Afghan Genocide (4.2 million dead) are of a similar magnitude to the death toll in the World War 2 Jewish Holocaust (5-6 million, dead, 1 in 6 dying from deprivation).

Indeed the current "annual death rate" for Occupied Afghan under-5 year old infants under the US Alliance is 7% - as compared to that of 4% (for Poles under the Nazis in WW2), 5% (French Jews under the Nazis and the Nazi-collaborator Vichy rĂ©gime in WW2), 13% (Australian POWs of the Japanese in WW2) and 19% (Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe)” (see Gideon Polya, “Peace Laureate Obama expands Afghan War. Obama lying by omission and commission”, MWC News, 5 December 2009 : http://mwcnews.net/content/view/34834/42/ ).

This US Empire carnage is due to UK, US, Australian, Coalition, Israeli and NATO violation of the Geneva Conventions which demand that Occupiers must do everything in their power to keep their Conquered subjects alive. Thus Articles 55 and 56 of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilians in Time of War state:

“Article 55

To the fullest extent of the means available to it the Occupying Power has the duty of ensuring the food and medical supplies of the population; it should, in particular, bring in the necessary foodstuffs, medical stores and other articles if the resources of the occupied territory are inadequate.

The Occupying Power may not requisition foodstuffs, articles or medical supplies available in the occupied territory, except for use by the occupation forces and administration personnel, and then only if the requirements of the civilian population have been taken into account. Subject to the provisions of other international Conventions, the Occupying Power shall make arrangements to ensure that fair value is paid for any requisitioned goods.

The Protecting Power shall, at any time, be at liberty to verify the state of the food and medical supplies in occupied territories, except where temporary restrictions are made necessary by imperative military requirements.

Article 56

To the fullest extent of the means available to it, the Occupying Power has the duty of ensuring and maintaining, with the cooperation of national and local authorities, the medical and hospital establishments and services, public health and hygiene in the occupied territory, with particular reference to the adoption and application of the prophylactic and preventive measures necessary to combat the spread of contagious diseases and epidemics. Medical personnel of all categories shall be allowed to carry out their duties.

If new hospitals are set up in occupied territory and if the competent organs of the occupied State are not operating there, the occupying authorities shall, if necessary, grant them the recognition provided for in Article 18. In similar circumstances, the occupying authorities shall also grant recognition to hospital personnel and transport vehicles under the provisions of Articles 20 and 21.

In adopting measures of health and hygiene and in their implementation, the Occupying Power shall take into consideration the moral and ethical susceptibilities of the population of the occupied territory. “ [1].

[1]. Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilians in Time of War: http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/92.htm .

Dr Polya's Open Letter re MWC News

Dr Polya's Open Letter to editors and supporters of MWC News

Originally published as Gideon Polya, “Dr. Polya's Open letter to editors and supporters of MWC News”, MWC News, 27 November 2008.

Dr. Polya's Open letter to editors and supporters of MWC News.


According to the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAASA, the world’s biggest general scientific organization and the publisher of the world’s top scientific journal, Science) the world is at greatest risk from nuclear weapons (potentially 6.6 billion victims), global warming (over 6 billion victims this century according to top UK climate scientist Dr James Lovelock FRS) and poverty (16 million avoidable deaths from deprivation and deprivation-exacerbated disease each year) (see: here ). MWC News is at the forefront of international media in that it disproportionately reflects those major threats to Humanity with authoritative, quality writing about war, climate change and First World hegemony and occupation.

As one who has donated significantly to MWC News in time and money, here are some thoughts about sources of financial support from donation or advertising (in various forms).

1. As a major medium for writing about Risk to Humanity, MWC News should seek revenue as donations or as advertising from Insurance Companies and risk-related Humanitarian advocacy groups (e.g. Green, medical, human rights, anti-war groups).

2. MWC News is a world-leading medium for writing about continuing Western wars, war crimes and occupations (US or US surrogate occupations of Somalia, Palestine, Syria, Diego Garcia, Iraq, and Afghanistan; 9-11 million excess deaths associated so far with the Bush Wars, 1990-2008; our hero “yes we can” Obama wants to extend war and occupation to the Sudan and Pakistan) . MWC News should approach for support human rights groups, Muslim and Arab companies and major “non-political” individuals (e.g. Mr Mohammed Al Fayed, owner of Harrod’s, London and tireless in his demand for the truth over the death of his son Dodi and Princess Diana). Care should exercised because, for example, a donation to a direly stretched hospital in the Gaza Concentration Camp could attract up to life imprisonment under Australian anti-Terrorism laws.

3. The World faces a Climate Emergency (see what top scientists say and also ) but you would not think so from reading Mainstream Media. MWC News is a major medium for Green issues and should seek support from Green groups (Green groups and parties are forced to advertise at huge expense in the climate criminal, often climate sceptic Mainstream Media – why not a bit in MWC News?).

4. Risk management (whether in aviation and hospitals or in family finances) successively involves (a) data, (b) scientific analysis and (c) systemic change to minimize risk (hundreds of millions of people dependent or prospectively dependent on pension or superannuation schemes – including me - have lost a fortune in the last year from the devaluation of shares-based investments). However Lying short circuits this process, most notably the lying by omission and commission of the lying, racist, genocide-ignoring Mainstream Media of the Western Murdochracies. MWC News is at the forefront of telling the truth that the Mainstream ignores and should seek support from libertarian, legal, human rights and related organizations and individuals.

5. A major Climate Emergency advocacy group with which I am associated has raised over $10,000 to send a copy of the important book “Climate Code Red. The case for emergency action” by David Spratt and Phillip Sutton (Scribe, Melbourne, 2007) to 500 important and influential Australians (see: here ). The key book “Our Water Mark” about the worsening Australian water crisis was funded by about $1 million in donations to the extraordinarily effective Victorian Women’s Trust to enable distribution of 35,000 copies around Australia. I have been acting in a similar way as an individual to send my recent books ( “Body Count. Global avoidable mortality since 1950”: http://mwcnews.net/Gideon-Polya and http://globalbodycount.blogspot.com/ ; “Jane Austen and the Black Hole of British History”: http://janeaustenand.blogspot.com/ ) to top people and libraries around the world. Yet an Alternative Model is to send a 1 page “Facts and Actions Summary Sheet” to everyone you can – and an even more cost-effective way is for this to be done via Ethical Media such as MWC News.

6. Further to points above, MWC News is already “punching above its weight” as revealed by the following statistics. Yahoo Search the words “Manhattan Madonna” for my article on MWC News and the image of my huge painting of the same name and the link (see: http://mwcnews.net/content/view/10766/26/ ) will come up as #1 on page #1 out of 10 million results (Google censors this by “burying” the article). Similarly, a Yahoo Search for the words “Churchill’s crimes” for a potentially explosive article about things censored out by 70 years of Mainstream media, politician and academic lying, and the link to my article on MWC News entitled “Media lying over Churchill’s crimes. British-Indian Holocaust” (see: http://mwcnews.net/content/view/26713&Itemid=1 ) will come up as #1 on page #1 out of 4 million results (Google also censors this holocaust reportage by “burying” the article). Using such examples, MWC News can sell itself as a MAJOR Ethical Medium for ALL people wanting to get out a Humanitarian message for people wanting to get through the Mainstream media Wall of Silence to tell the world about all kinds of (relatively) “hidden” or “forgotten” matters from the Armenian Genocide, Iraqi Genocide, Afghan Genocide, Palestinian Genocide and Australian Aboriginal Genocide to the huge potential avoidable mass mortality associated with the legislatively-mandated biofuel perversion and unaddressed man-made global warming (Biofuel Genocide and Climate Genocide).

7. Further to point #6, MWC News should urge Everybody to re-publish MWC News articles FOR FREE (but couple this with a “buddy can you spare a dime” plea). I am very happy for anyone to re-publish MY articles (with attribution and in the interests of Humanity) and the images to my huge Paintings for Peace, Mother and Child on MWC News (for a collection of links to my huge paintings on MWC News see; for links to my articles on MWC News see: http://mwcnews.net/Gideon-Polya ).

8. I am very happy for MWC News to reproduce and sell big Posters of my huge Paintings for Peace (how many college students would like something bright, beautiful and pro-Peace for their room? Back in the late 1960s in Ithaca, NY, we had a black, brown and white poster of Picasso’s “Guernica” in our flat – my Guernica-based Paintings for Peace are at least multi-coloured).

9. A publisher might be interested in offering an advance for publishing the most hard-hitting MWC News articles as a book to crash through the Mainstream Wall of Silence (but don’t hold your breath - publishers in general it appears, whether “Left” or “Right” and not just in countries such as China or Iran, operate within defined “acceptable revelation” tolerances.

10. In a World facing a Climate Emergency there must be “zero tolerance for lying” in society in general – just as there is “zero tolerance for lying” in Science and in Courts of Law. Individuals closely associated with MWC News could offer to INFORM others (especially in their own professional, cultural, ethnic and national areas) about MWC News and its importance for free speech and the current imperative for urgently changing the global Culture of Ignoring to one of “zero tolerance for lying”.

Best regards,
Gideon Polya
Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Professor Marjorie Cohn: US Afghanistan-Pakistan War illegal

COHN, Marjorie. US law professor: US Afghanistan-Pakistan War is illegal.

Professor Marjorie Cohn is a professor at Thomas Jefferson School of Law (where she teaches criminal law and procedure, evidence, and international human rights law) and .the immediate past president of the US National Lawyers Guild (see: http://www.marjoriecohn.com/ and http://www.nlg.org/ ).

Professor Marjorie Cohn on the illegality of the Afghanistan-Pakistan war (2009):Although the U.S. invasion of Afghanistan was as illegal as the invasion of Iraq, many Americans saw it as a justifiable response to the attacks of September 11, 2001. The cover of Time magazine called it "The Right War." Obama campaigned on ending the Iraq war but escalating the war in Afghanistan. But a majority of Americans now oppose that war as well.
The UN Charter provides that all member states must settle their international disputes by peaceful means, and no nation can use military force except in self-defense or when authorized by the Security Council. After the 9/11 attacks, the council passed two resolutions, neither of which authorized the use of military force in Afghanistan. “Operation Enduring Freedom” was not legitimate self-defense under the charter because the 9/11 attacks were crimes against humanity, not “armed attacks” by another country. Afghanistan did not attack the United States. In fact, 15 of the 19 hijackers hailed from Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, there was not an imminent threat of an armed attack on the United States after 9/11, or President Bush would not have waited three weeks before initiating his October 2001 bombing campaign. The necessity for self-defense must be “instant, overwhelming, leaving no choice of means, and no moment for deliberation.” This classic principle of self-defense in international law has been affirmed by the Nuremberg Tribunal and the UN General Assembly. Bush's justification for attacking Afghanistan was that it was harboring Osama bin Laden and training terrorists, even though bin Laden did not claim responsibility for the 9/11 attacks until 2004. After Bush demanded that the Taliban turn over bin Laden to the United States, the Taliban’s ambassador to Pakistan said his government wanted proof that bin Laden was involved in the 9/11 attacks before deciding whether to extradite him, according to the Washington Post. That proof was not forthcoming, the Taliban did not deliver bin Laden, and Bush began bombing Afghanistan. Bush’s rationale for attacking Afghanistan was spurious. Iranians could have made the same argument to attack the United States after they overthrew the vicious Shah Reza Pahlavi in 1979 and the U.S. gave him safe haven. If the new Iranian government had demanded that the U.S. turn over the Shah and we refused, would it have been lawful for Iran to invade the United States? Of course not. When he announced his troop “surge” in Afghanistan, Obama invoked the 9/11 attacks. By continuing and escalating Bush’s war in Afghanistan, Obama, too, is violating the UN Charter. In his speech accepting the Nobel Peace Prize, Obama declared that he has the "right" to wage wars "unilaterally.” The unilateral use of military force, however, is illegal unless undertaken in self-defense.” [1].

[1]. Marjorie Cohn, “Obama’s Af-Pak war is illegal”, MWC News, 21 December 2009: http://mwcnews.net/content/view/35138/42/ .

Afghanistan Genocide & Australia’s Secret Genocide History

Afghanistan Genocide & Australia’s Secret Genocide History

First published as Gideon Polya, “Australia’s Secret Genocide History. La Trobe, “Bundoora Eucalyptus” & Black Crimes of White Australia”, MWC News, 30 April 2008.

For an image of the huge “Bundoora Eucalyptus” painting see: http://www.flickr.com/photos/gideonpolya/4318154968/ .

Revised and updated, 2010.

Australia’s Secret Genocide History. La Trobe, “Bundoora Eucalyptus” & Black Crimes of White Australia.

La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne is one of Australia’s top dozen universities with particular expertise in paramedical training and an excellent reputation for research and teaching in the humanities and biological sciences in particular. The main campus is set in beautiful bushland about 20 kilometers north of Melbourne at Bundoora. Bundoora means “the country kangaroos like” in the local Indigenous Australian Wurrundjeri language and indeed one can often see kangaroos grazing and hopping about in the outskirts of La Trobe University in the evening and early morning.

La Trobe University is named after a former Lieutenant-Governor of Victoria, Charles Joseph La Trobe (1801-1875), who administered the colony of Victoria from 1839-1854. However there are 2 sides to this man that reflect a continuing dichotomy of good and evil in Australia as a whole. Thus Charles La Trobe was a gentle, cultured man and a mountaineer, adventurer and writer. However he was a poor administrator and his rule over the British colony of Victoria was associated with 2 major failures: (1) the Eureka Stockade rebellion of gold miners that was brutally put down by British soldiers and (2) the expansion of the Aboriginal Genocide with ethnic cleansing of Indigenous (Aboriginal) people involving the notorious Native Police set up under La Trobe. This paradoxical good/evil duality is perhaps behind the statue of Charles La Trobe at La Trobe University that is exhibited standing on its head!

The beautiful La Trobe Bundoora landscape with its wonderful gum trees (Eucalyptus species), birds and kangaroos is the inspiration for my huge (1.3 metres x 2.9 metres) “Bundoora Eucalyptus” painting which also illustrates the dark/light, good/evil dichotomy of Charles La Trobe and of Australia as a whole. On the one hand Australia is a prosperous, educated, democratic society that was one of the first countries to have women’s suffrage, trade unions, and compulsory State-provided education. On the other hand, Australia has a shocking secret history of involvement in appalling genocides that continues to this day. Thus in 2008 Australia is involved in Palestinian Genocide, Iraqi Genocide, Afghan Genocide, Biofuel Genocide and Climate Genocide.

Before going further it must be clearly stated that the term “Genocide” used here is “Genocide” as precisely defined by Article 2 of the UN Genocide Convention (see: http://www.edwebproject.org/sideshow/genocide/convention.html ): “In the present Convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as such: a) Killing members of the group; b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.”

Further, in assessing deaths from particular policies of invasion, occupation and dispossession one notes that deaths can be violent (from bombs and bullets) or non-violent (from deprivation and deprivation-exacerbated disease). Both kinds of avoidable death (death that should not have happened) are included within the term “excess death” used below (see “Body Count. Global avoidable mortality since 1950” (G.M. Polya, Melbourne, 2007).

The following catalogue of Australian involvement in Genocide as defined by the UN Genocide Convention – and notably in British- and American-imposed genocides - is given below in roughly chronological order from 1788 (the year of European Invasion and First Settlement) to 2008. A key reference is my book “Body Count. Global avoidable mortality since 1950”; other relevant books are Chalk, F. and Jonassohn, K. (1990), The History and Sociology of Genocide. Analyses and Case Studies (Yale University Press, New Haven & London); Tatz, C. (2003), With Intent to Destroy. Reflecting on Genocide (Verso, London); and Blum, W. (2006), Rogue State, A guide to the world’s only superpower (Zed Books, London)).

.

1. 18th-19th century Aboriginal Genocide (the Indigenous Aboriginal population dropped from about 1 million to 0.1 million in the first century after invasion in 1788).

2. Tasmanian Aboriginal Genocide (the “full-blood” Indigenous population dropped from 6,000 to zero in 1803-1776; however there are several thousand “mixed race” decendants of Tasmanian and Mainland Aborigines still living in Tasmania today).

3. British Indian Genocide (post-invasion excess deaths 0.6 BILLION, 1757-1837; 0.5 BILLION, 1837-1901 under Queen Victoria; 0.4 BILLION, 1901-1947.

4. European Chinese Genocide (10-100 million deaths in the European imperialism-driven Tai Ping rebellion period; Australia was involved in suppressing the Boxer rebellion).

5. Maori Genocide (Maori population dropped from 0.1-0.2 million in 1800 to 42,000 in 1893; Australia was involved in the 19th century Maori wars).

6. African Genocide (scores of million perished over 5 centuries of European slavery and colonialism; Australians participated in the Sudan War, 1881-1898).

7. Pacific Genocide (there was a catastrophic population decline due to introduced disease and slavery; thus 40,000 Fijians died from measles out of a population of 150,000 in 1876; “blackbirding” slavery was conducted by Australians in the late 19th century).

8. Boer (Afrikaaner) Genocide (1899-1902; 28,000 Afrikaaner women and children died in British concentration camps; Australians participated in the Boer War as immortalized in the movie “Breaker Morant”).

9. Armenian Genocide (1.5 million killed; the Australian invasion of Gallipoli as part of an Anglo-French force in 1915 helped to precipitate this atrocity; indeed April 24 is Armenian Genocide Day and April 25 is the day of the Australia invasion in 1915 and also a sacred war dead remembrance day for Australians and New Zealanders – it is called Anzac Day after the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) which stormed ashore on that first Anzac Day at Gallipoli in 1915).

10. Bengali Genocide (6-7 million perished in the “forgotten” man-made Bengal Famine atrocity in Bengal and adjoining provinces in British India, 1943-1945; Australians were there and indeed the Governor of Bengal in 1944 was an Australian, R.G. Casey: http://www.open2.net/thingsweforgot/bengalfamine_programme.html ).

11. British post-1950 Third World Genocide (1950-2005 excess deaths in countries subject to British occupation as a major occupier in the post-war era totalled 727 million; Australia has the same Head of State as the UK and continues to be a loyal military ally of the UK in Occupied Iraq and Occupied Afghanistan).

12. US post-1950 Third World Genocide (1950-2005 excess deaths in countries subject to US occupation as a major occupier in the post-war era totalled 82 million; Australia participated in all post-1950 US Asian Wars in Korea, Indo-China, Iraq and Afghanistan with Indigenous Asian excess deaths now totalling 25 million).

13. Australian Colonial Genocide (1950-2005 excess deaths in countries subject to Australian occupation as a major occupier in the post-war era, namely Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands totalled 2.1 million).

14. 20th century Aboriginal Genocide (total excess deaths clearly of the order of 1million; 0.1 million Stolen Generations Aboriginal children forcibly removed from their Mothers in the 19th and 20th centuries; excess deaths in the 11 years of the Bush-ite Coalition Government totalled 90,000 for 1996-2007).

The following Australian genocide involvements in this catalogue of horrors are ON-GOING.

15. Palestinian Genocide (post-1967 excess deaths 0.3 million, post-1967 under-5 infant deaths 0.2 million and 7 million refugees; with bi-partisan agreement Australia provides diplomatic, financial and haven support for Israeli state terrorism – even when directed against tens of thousands of Australian citizens as in Lebanon in mid-2006 - and up to life imprisonment for anyone giving support to the Hamas Party that overwhelmingly won the 2006 Occupied Palestinian elections).

16. Iraqi Genocide (4.4 million excess deaths 1990-2010; 2.5 million post-invasion excess deaths, 0.9 million post-invasion under-5 infant deaths and 5-6 million refugees; Australia militarily involved since 1990(as of December 2009).

17. Afghan Genocide (3-7 million post-invasion excess deaths, 2.3 million post-invasion under-5 infant and 4 million refugees; Australia involved militarily since 2001).

18. Ongoing Aboriginal Genocide (9,000 excess deaths annually; 90,000 excess deaths in the last 11 years of Bush-ite Coalition rule).

19. Biofuel Genocide (16 million die avoidably each year but this is increasingly biofuel-impacted as the legislatively-mandated US, UK and EU biofuel perversion forces up global food prices; Australia is a major sugar cane grower and sugar exporter with 60% of sugar going to bioethanol production worldwide; Australia has biofuel-promoting legislation and is a major canola grower, this being a major source for biodiesel ).

20. Climate Genocide (16 million die avoidably each year ALREADY from deprivation and deprivation-exacerbated disease; Professor James Lovelock FRS says that over 6 billion will perish this century die to unaddressed climate change; on a per capita basis Australia is among the very worst greenhouse gas (GHG) polluters – in terms of 2004 figures for “fossil fuel-derived annual per capita CO2 pollution” Australia is about 40 times worse than INDIA and 160 times worse than Bangladesh if you include Australia’s world number 1 coal exports).

Yet politically correct racist (PC racist) Australia steadfastly “looks the other way” and its past and present involvements in the above atrocities are overwhelmingly NOT reported by racist, lying, holocaust-ignoring Mainstream media NOR taught in Australia’s schools and universities. PC racist White Australia just cannot see the “Elephant in the room” – its continuing involvement in over 2 centuries of horrendous genocide.

Australians are trapped in an Orwellian dream - Australia will only stop doing it when it is INFORMED that it is doing it. Please inform everyone you can.

9 January 2010 Formal Complaint by Dr Gideon Polya to ICC

9 January 2010 Formal Complaint by Dr Gideon Polya to the International Criminal Court (ICC) re US Alliance Palestinian, Iraqi, Afghan, Muslim, Aboriginal, Biofuel and Climate Genocides

9 January 2010 Formal Complaint by Dr Gideon Polya to the International Criminal Court (ICC) re US Alliance Palestinian, Iraqi, Afghan, Muslim, Aboriginal, Biofuel and Climate Genocides.

The following detailed formal complaint was sent on 8 January 2010 to the International Criminal Court (ICC) over various US Alliance involvements in ongoing genocidal atrocities against Palestinians, Iraqis, Afghans, Muslims, and Australian Aboriginals, and against the Developing World in general through the worsening Biofuel Genocide and Climate Genocide.

Chief Prosecutor Luis Moreno-Ocampo,
Information and Evidence Unit,
Office of the Prosecutor,
Post Office Box 19519,
2500 CM The Hague, The Netherlands.


Dear Sir,


Formal complaint to the Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court re various US Alliance, NATO, EU, Australia, New Zealand and UK involvement in Palestinian Genocide, Iraqi Genocide, Afghan Genocide, Muslim Genocide, Aboriginal Genocide, Biofuel Genocide and Climate Genocide.

A. Introduction.

1. Holocaust is the destruction of a large number of people. The term was first applied to a WW2 atrocity by Jog in 1944 (Jog, N.G. (1944), Churchill’s Blind-Spot: India (New Book Company, Bombay)) in relation to the “forgotten” man-made Bengal Famine (6-7 million Indians - many of them Muslims in a "forgotten" WW2 Muslim Holocaust - deliberately starved to death by the British, 1943-1945). It was subsequently applied to the Jewish Holocaust (5-6 million killed, 1 in 6 dying from deprivation) which was part of a horrendous WW2 European Holocaust (30 million Slavs, Jews and Gypsies killed in the Nazi German Lebensraum genocide).

2. Genocide is very precisely defined in International Law as “acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group” as set out by Article 2 of the 1948 UN Genocide Convention: “In the present Convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as such: a) Killing members of the group; b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group”
(see: http://www.edwebproject.org/sideshow/
genocide/convention.html
).

3. Key to this internationally agreed, legal definition of genocide is “intent”. Thus the “intent’ of a serial killer is not abolished by his refusal to confess or otherwise explicitly declare “intent” – it can be clearly established simply by the evidence of sustained, remorseless actions leading to serial deaths. Likewise, for example, the sustained, remorseless actions (and inactions) of the British caused the deaths of 6-7 million Indians in the 1943-1945 Bengali Holocaust (see the transcript of the 2008 BBC broadcast involving myself, Economics Nobel Laureate Professor Amartya Sen and other scholars: http://www.open2.net/thingsweforgot
/bengalfamine_programme.html
); and the sustained British deprivation of its Indian subjects in the 2 century British Indian Holocaust (1.5 billion excess deaths, or about 1.8 billion if including those in the Native States, and about 20% of them Muslims) (see: http://mwcnews.net/content/view/26713/42/ and http://mwcnews.net/content/view/31306/42/ ).

Any interpretation that denies sustained, remorseless actions (and inactions) leading to “destroy[ing], in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group” as evidence for genocide simply states, as a corollary, that any country, group or government can sustainedly and remorselessly effect such destruction provided it does not confess to any “intent” to do so.

4. Violent deaths and non-violent avoidable deaths from deprivation and deprivation-exacerbated disease. As spelled out in great detail in my book “Body Count. Avoidable mortality since 1950” (see: http://globalavoidablemortality.blogspot.com/ ) and in a March 2009 article on Occupied Afghanistan excess deaths (see “Obama’s Afghan War “: http://mwcnews.net/content/view/29546/42/ ), non-violent avoidable deaths (non-violent excess deaths, avoidable mortality, excess mortality, deaths that did not have to happen) for a country in a given period is the difference between the observed mortality and the mortality expected for a peaceful, decently governed country with the same demographics.

Whether a civilian person dies from bombs or bullets or from deprivation, the end result is the same and the invader and occupier culpability the same. Indeed in the WW2 Jewish Holocaust 5.6 million Jews died, with 1 in 6 dying from deprivation (see Gilbert, M. (1969), Jewish History Atlas (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London).

Gilbert, M. (1982), Atlas of the Holocaust (Michael Joseph, London)).

5. A note on the calculation of non-violent avoidable deaths – example, Occupied Afghanistan.

For Occupied Afghanistan in 2005-2010, annual crude death rate in “deaths per 1,000 of population per year” was 19.7 as compared to an average of about 4 for “good” high birth rate Developing countries (e.g. for peaceful, only partially-occupied, impoverished Syria it is 3.4) (see UN Population Division: http://esa.un.org/unpp/index.asp?panel=2 ).

Accordingly, the “avoidable death rate” for Occupied Afghanistan in 2005-2010 (mid-2005 to mid-2010) is19.7-4.0 = 15.7 deaths per 1000 of population per year .

The average population of Occupied Afghanistan in 2005-2010 was (24.507 million + 29.117 million)/2 = 26.812 million (see UN Population Division: http://esa.un.org/unpp/index.asp?panel=2 ).

Accordingly, the avoidable deaths in Occupied Afghanistan in the period 2005-2010 = 15.7 avoidable deaths per thousand population per year x 26,812 thousand population x 5 years = 2,104,742 = about 2.1 million.

Application of the same analysis to the period October 2001-December 2009 yields an estimate of 3.4 million post-invasion excess deaths in Occupied Afghanistan.

6. Active and passive killing and active and passive genocide.

The outstanding bioethicist Professor Peter Singer (Princeton University and the University of Melbourne) has stated that “We are responsible not only for what we do but also for what we could have prevented… We should consider the consequences both of what we do and what we decide not to do” (see: Singer, P. (2000), Writings on an Ethical Life (Ecco Press, New York), ppxv-xvi).

An analogy of “passive genocide” in British-ruled Bengal and in the Genocides involving Australia and the US Alliance can be found in the treatment of severely disabled new-born infants. Professor Peter Singer, arguably the most influential living philosopher, has controversially argued for the humane “active euthanasia” of severely disabled infants. At present many experienced hospital doctors will administer pain relief but not sustenance to such infants by way of “passive euthanasia”. However, according to Singer: “Doctors who deliberately leave a baby to die when they have the awareness, the ability, and the opportunity to save the baby’s life, are just as morally responsible for the death as they would be if they had brought it about by a deliberate , positive action.” (see: Kuhse, H. & Singer, P. (1985), Should the Baby Live? The Problem of Handicapped Infants (Oxford University Press, Oxford)).

The active massacre of Australian Aboriginals in the period from Invasion in 1788 until the late 1920s can be described as “active genocide” but the continuing Aboriginal Genocide through sustained policies of deprivation is no less deadly “passive genocide” and the same analysis can be applied to the Palestinian Genocide, Iraqi Genocide, Afghan Genocide, Muslim Genocide, Biofuel Genocide and Climate Genocide in which Australia is also complicit. As outlined below, Australia and the US Alliance countries have grossly violated International humanitarian conventions in deliberately failing to provide life-sustaining requisites to their overseas Subjects.

Natural Law prohibits causing the death of others either actively or passively. International Law prohibits the deliberate killing of civilians either actively or passively (see section (7) below).

7. Geneva Convention and war criminal US Alliance failure to supply life-sustaining requisites to Subject Peoples.

While annual per capita medical expenditure on Indigenous Australians is similar to that for the non-Indigenous Australians, it has been estimated that this expenditure needs to be at least doubled because of the huge morbidity and the remote location of many Aboriginal communities (a personal communication from a medical doctor expert in Aboriginal Health says that it should be tripled). While Australia has been prepared to spend up to 6 million dollars each time to save individual solo yachtspersons who have deliberately placed themselves in danger, it has remorselessly refused to meet its obligations towards Indigenous Australians with a consequent huge excess death rate (for details and documentation see: http://mwcnews.net/content/view/15140/42/ ).

WHO data reveal that the “annual total per capita medical expenditure” (2004) permitted by the US Coalition is $124 (in Occupied Iraq) and $29 (in Occupied Afghanistan) as compared to vastly higher amounts in various US Alliance Occupier countries: $3,122 (Australia), $3,554 (France), $3,328 (Germany), $2,623 (Italy), $3,383 (Netherlands), $2,447 (New Zealand), $2,784 (UK) and $6,714 (the US) (see WHO: http://www.who.int/en/ ; see also: http://mwcnews.net/content/view/17066/42/ ). One can now understand why there is such horrendous infant mortality in Occupied Iraq and Occupied Afghanistan as reported by UNICEF (see: http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/index.html ) and as summarized below.

In the case of Gaza (described by Catholic Church justice minister, Cardinal Renato Martino, as Israeli’s Gaza Concentration Camp), this part of the Occupied Palestinian Territory has been under military-applied blockade for 3 years. It can be estimated that 3,600 Occupied Palestinian infants die avoidably every year due to Israeli violation of the Geneva Convention.

The sheer criminality of this failure to supply life-sustaining requisites to Subject people is made clear in Articles 55 and 56 of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (see: http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/92.htm ):

Article 55. To the fullest extent of the means available to it the Occupying Power has the duty of ensuring the food and medical supplies of the population; it should, in particular, bring in the necessary foodstuffs, medical stores and other articles if the resources of the occupied territory are inadequate.

The Occupying Power may not requisition foodstuffs, articles or medical supplies available in the occupied territory, except for use by the occupation forces and administration personnel, and then only if the requirements of the civilian population have been taken into account. Subject to the provisions of other international Conventions, the Occupying Power shall make arrangements to ensure that fair value is paid for any requisitioned goods.

The Protecting Power shall, at any time, be at liberty to verify the state of the food and medical supplies in occupied territories, except where temporary restrictions are made necessary by imperative military requirements.

Article 56. To the fullest extent of the means available to it, the Occupying Power has the duty of ensuring and maintaining, with the cooperation of national and local authorities, the medical and hospital establishments and services, public health and hygiene in the occupied territory, with particular reference to the adoption and application of the prophylactic and preventive measures necessary to combat the spread of contagious diseases and epidemics. Medical personnel of all categories shall be allowed to carry out their duties.

If new hospitals are set up in occupied territory and if the competent organs of the occupied State are not operating there, the occupying authorities shall, if necessary, grant them the recognition provided for in Article 18. In similar circumstances, the occupying authorities shall also grant recognition to hospital personnel and transport vehicles under the provisions of Articles 20 and 21.

In adopting measures of health and hygiene and in their implementation, the Occupying Power shall take into consideration the moral and ethical susceptibilities of the population of the occupied territory.

Of course, under international humanitarian conventions Australia has an obligation to supply such requisites to its own citizens as well as to its Subjects through invasion, conquest and forcible occupation of other countries. However it is noteworthy that no Treaty was ever signed by the invading Europeans with the conquered Indigenous Peoples of Australia.

B. Various US Alliance, NATO, EU, Australia, New Zealand and UK involvement in Palestinian Genocide, Iraqi Genocide, Afghan Genocide, Muslim Genocide, Aboriginal Genocide, Biofuel Genocide and Climate Genocide.

Details of various US Alliance, NATO, EU, Australia, New Zealand and UK involvements in the ongoing Palestinian Genocide, Iraqi Genocide, Afghan Genocide, Muslim Genocide, Aboriginal Genocide, Biofuel Genocide and Climate Genocide, that are the evidential basis of my formal complaint to the International Criminal Court, can be found in a series of carefully researched and extensively documented websites, the contents of which are summarized below together with a summary of national culpabilities. These websites also include documented statements from leading scholars and writers who use the terminology of “holocaust” and “genocide” in relation to these atrocities.

1. Palestinian Holocaust, Palestinian Genocide (0.3 million post-invasion violent and non-violent excess deaths, 0.2 million post-invasion under-5 infant deaths, 7 million refugees): http://sites.google.com/site/palestiniangenocide/ .

Details. In 1880 there were 500,000 Indigenous Arab Palestinians and 25,000 Jews (50% immigrants) in the Holy Land – today there are 5.5 million Indigenous Palestinians in the Holy Land and some 5.5 million Palestinian refugees elsewhere and excluded from their Homeland, which is occupied by 5.5 million Jewish Israelis backed by the US, UK, Canada, the EU and Australia. 1.5 million Israeli Arabs are second class citizens under race-based laws. 4 million abusively imprisoned Occupied Palestinians have essentially no human rights – while the World looks on. In the 2006 Occupied Palestinian Territory elections conducted under Occupier guns, Hamas won 76 seats out of 132 but these Hamas MPs are now overwhelmingly either dead, imprisoned or hiding in the Gaza Concentration Camp and regarded as “terrorists” by the US, UK, Canada, the EU and Australia. UN data reveal that each year Israel is responsible for 3,600 Occupied Palestinian under-5 year old avoidable deaths, 5,700 Occupied Palestinian non-violent avoidable deaths and about 800 violent Occupied Palestinian deaths. The Palestinian Genocide has been associated with 0.3 million post-invasion violent and non-violent excess deaths, 0.2 million post-invasion under-5 infant deaths, and 7 million refugees. In December 2008- January 2009 the Israelis killed 1,400 Gazans (40% of them children) in reprisals for zero (0) Israeli deaths from Gaza missiles in the previous year. The Palestinian Genocide continues despite numerous UN General Assembly and UN Security Council Resolutions, notably UN Security Council Resolution 252 prohibiting land and property seizure, notably in Jerusalem

Culpability. The ongoing Palestinian Genocide is effected by the race-based, nuclear terrorist, anti-Arab anti-Semitic, colonial state of Israel with US, UK, EU, New Zealand, Canadian and Australian complicity through support that is variously financial, military, diplomatic and/or legislative. Thus the US is a major provider of military aid to Israel and its Security Council veto and support for Israel means that Israel can defy all UN Resolutions with impunity. At the other extreme, Australia has declared Hamas to be a terrorist organization (noting that Hamas won 76 out of 132 seats in the 2006 Occupied Palestinian Territory elections with the US- and Israel-backed Fatah winning 43), permits free passage to Israeli war criminals, makes Muslim religious zakkat alms-giving obligations to Gaza potentially criminal, and has made financial donations towards the ongoing Palestinian Genocide tax deductible.

2. Afghan Holocaust, Afghan Genocide (4.5 million post-invasion violent and non-violent excess deaths, 2.4 million post-invasion under-5 infant deaths, 3-4 million refugees plus 2.5 million NW Pakistan Pashtun refugees):
http://sites.google.com/site/afghan
holocaustafghangenocide/
.

Details. As of mid-December 2009, it is estimated from the latest UN Population Division data that in Occupied Afghanistan post-invasion non-violent excess deaths total 3.4 million; post-invasion violent deaths total 1.1 million (assuming expert US-Australian advice that the level of violence has been 4 times lower in the Afghan War than in the Iraq War); post-invasion violent and non-violent avoidable deaths total 4.5 million; and post-invasion under-5 infant deaths total 2.4 million (90% avoidable and due to US Alliance war crimes in gross violence of the Geneva Convention – Articles 55 and 56 of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War demand that an Occupier must supply life-sustaining food and medical requisites “to the fullest extent of the means available to it” (see: http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/instree/y4gcpcp.htm ) but according to the WHO (see: http://www.who.int/countries/en/ ) the “total annual expenditure on health per capita” permitted in Occupied Afghanistan is $29 as compared to $6,714 in Occupier US and $3,122 in Occupier Australia).

There are 3-4 million Afghan refugees plus a further 2.5 million Pashtun refugees generated in NW Pakistan by the war policies of Obama – this carnage involving 4.5 million post-invasion violent and non-violent excess Afghan deaths constitutes an Afghan Holocaust and an Afghan Genocide as defined by Article 2 of the UN Genocide Convention (see: http://www.edwebproject.org/
sideshow/genocide/convention.html
).

The bottom line in any comparative analysis of violent wrongdoing is consequential death. The current "annual death rate" is 7% for Occupied Afghan under-5 year old infants under the US Alliance - as compared to that of 4% (for Poles under the Nazis in WW2), 5% (French Jews under the Nazis and the Nazi-collaborator Vichy rĂ©gime in WW2), 13% (Australian POWs of the Japanese in WW2) and 19% (Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe) (see “Polish Holocaust (1939-1945)-Afghan Holocaust (2001-)”: http://gpolya.polls.newsvine.com/_news/
2009/09/02/3218030-polish-holocaust-1939-
1945-afghan-holocaust-2001-?groupId=1191
.

Culpability. The ongoing Afghan Genocide is effected by the US Alliance in Occupied Afghanistan and NW Pakistan, this US Alliance involving primarily the US, NATO (notably France, Germany, Italy, Canada and the Netherlands), the UK, Australia and New Zealand.

3. Iraqi Holocaust, Iraqi Genocide (2.5 million post-invasion violent and non-violent excess deaths, 0.9 million post-invasion under-5 infant deaths, 5-6 million refugees; 1990-2009, 4.4 million violent and non-violent excess deaths, 2.1 million under-5 infant deaths): http://sites.google.com/site/iraqiholocaustiraqigenocide/ .

Details. As of December 2009, deaths from the Iraq War since 2003 include 2.5 million violent and non-violent excess deaths of Indigenous Iraqis (4.4 million since 1990; see: http://mwcnews.net/content/view/34979/42/ ) and post-2003 US Alliance deaths total 4,689 (see: http://icasualties.org/oif/ ).

According to the 2006 Revision UN Population Division data, medical literature data, and other authoritative sources, the Iraqi Holocaust has been associated with 1.1 million post-invasion non-violent avoidable deaths; 1.4 million violent post-invasion deaths; and 0.9 million post-invasion under-5 infant deaths (90% avoidable and due to gross US Coalition violation of the Articles 55 and 56 of the Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War which demand that an Occupier supplies food and medical requisites to “the fullest extent of the means available to it.” In addition, avoidable deaths under Sanctions (1990-2003) totalled 1.7 million, violent deaths in the Gulf War totalled 0.2 million and under-5 infant deaths under Sanctions totalled 1.2 million. Iraqi refugees (both inside and outside Iraq) total 5-6 million.

The ongoing Iraqi Holocaust (1990-2009) involves 1.6 million violent deaths, 2.8 million non-violent excess deaths, 4.4 million violent and non-violent excess deaths, 1.9 million avoidable under-5 year old infant deaths and 5-6 million refugees – an Iraqi Genocide according to the UN Genocide Convention.

Culpability. The ongoing Iraqi Genocide is effected by the US Alliance, most notably the US, UK and Australia (but with involvement of other countries as well). In addition it is estimated that Australian AWB violation of the UN Oil for Food Program under Sanctions had the effect of killing up to about 20,000 Iraqi infants (see: http://gpolya.newsvine.com/_news/2006/03/08/
124591-australian-greens-senator-exposes-human-
cost-of-awb-iraq-kick-back-scandal-21000-iraqi-infant-deaths
).

4. Muslim Holocaust Muslim Genocide (billions of avoidable deaths from deprivation and violence in the pre-war European colonial era (1.8 billion avoidable deaths in the British Indian Holocaust, about 20% of them Muslims); 6-7 million Indian deliberately starved to death by the British in the WW2 Bengali Holocaust, the 1943-1945 man-made Bengal Famine, this killing many Muslims and constituting a “forgotten” WW2 Muslim Holocaust; 0.6 billion Muslim avoidable deaths from deprivation in the post-war colonial and post-colonial era, 1950-2005; 9 million violent and non-violent excess deaths in the Palestinian Holocaust, 1948-2010, Iraqi holocaust, 1990-2010, and Afghan Holocaust, 2001-2010; 3 billion Muslims predicted to perish in the Climate Genocide of non-Europeans due unaddressed, man-made global warming, as detailed in section 7 below) : http://sites.google.com/site/
muslimholocaustmuslimgenocide/
.

Further details. Muslims have been subject to horrendous mass murder events, such as the mass murder of the people of Jerusalem by the Crusaders on 15 July 1099 - more than 70,000 dead bodies of Muslim children and women were found in the Mosque of Omar in Jerusalem alone. In the13th century the Mongols under Genghis Khan killed millions in Iraq and adjoining. regions. In 1492 millions of Muslims (and Jews) were killed or expelled from Spain, putting an end to the brilliant civilization of Moorish Spain. Millions of Muslims were killed in subsequent centuries due to expansion of the Russian Empire in Asia, the British Empire in Asia and Africa, the French Empire in Asia and Africa, the Spanish Empire in Asia and Africa, the Portuguese Empire in Africa and Asia and the Dutch Empire in South East Asia (principally in what is now Indonesia). For detailed and documented account of these atrocities see Gideon Polya, “Body Count, Global avoidable mortality since 1950) (G.M. Polya, Melbourne, 2007) (for details of the book see: http://mwcnews.net/Gideon-Polya and http://globalbodycount.blogspot.com/ ) .

Culpability. Those responsible for the colonial, post-colonial, and neo-colonial carnage have been European colonial powers. As detailed below in section 7, 73% of post-1751 additional atmospheric CO2 pollution is due to European countries, principally the US, the UK, and other European countries, including Australia, New Zealand, Canada and EU countries also variously complicit in the ongoing Palestinian, Iraqi and Afghan Genocides.

5. Aboriginal Genocide (Indigenous population dropped from about 1 million to 0.1 million in the first century after the invasion in 1788, mainly through violence, dispossession, deprivation and introduced disease; systematic genocidal 20th century policy involving the removal of perhaps 0.1 million children from their mothers; 9,000 Indigenous Australians die avoidably each year due to egregious neglect): http://sites.google.com/site/aboriginalgenocide/ .

Details. Australian Aborigines suffered Genocide at the hands of the European invaders in the 19th and 20th centuries. The Indigenous population dropped from about 1 million to 0.1 million in the first century after the invasion in 1788, mainly through violence, dispossession, deprivation and introduced disease. The last massacres of Aborigines occurred in the 1920s. Throughout much of the 20th century there was a policy of forcibly removing Aboriginal children from their mothers, a systematic genocidal policy involving the removal of perhaps 0.1 million children. This practice ended in the 1970s. However the continued deliberate deprivation of Aboriginal Australians amounts to a White Australian policy of passive genocide.

The “annual death rate” (2003 figures) is 2.2% (for Aboriginal Australians) and 2.4% (for Aboriginal Australians in the Northern Territory) – as compared to 0.4% (what it should be), 2.5% (for pre-drought sheep in paddocks of Australian sheep farms), and 0.7% (for White Australians). This is happening in one of the richest countries of the world because of deliberate neglect – Australian Aboriginal health services are funded at 50% of what they should be; many Australian Aborigines live in Third World conditions; the “annual under-5 infant death rate” is over 3 times higher for Aborigines than that for White Australians; 1 in 5 Australian Aborigines have diabetes (mostly type 2 diabetes) which has huge attendant problems such as cardiovascular complications, kidney problems and blindness; and the Australian Aboriginal life expectancy is about 20 years less than that for White Australians.

Indeed Monash University diabetologist Professor Paul Zimmet stated recently in relation to the world-wide diabetes epidemic "If we don't do something, there is a real chance that Australia's indigenous community will be wiped out by the end of the century. The world needs to act now if we're to deal with this problem, which threatens to consume world economies and bankrupt health systems. We are dealing with the biggest epidemic in world history."

Culpability. The Aboriginal Genocide is being deliberately, knowingly and remorselessly effected by White Australia, notwithstanding utterly hypocritical declarations of non-racism and love for Indigenous Australians. No Treaty was been signed by the UK or Australia with any of the originally about 500 Indigenous Australian Peoples (260 languages). The Australian Federal Court has found that Aboriginal Genocide is not punishable under National Law although it violates International Law to which Australia is a signatory.

6. Biofuel Genocide (billions of people in the Developing World, many of them Muslims, threatened by Biofuel Famine from huge food price rises due to legislatively mandated use of food to generate biofuel for transport in the US, UK, EU and other places): http://sites.google.com/site/biofuelgenocide/home .

Details. Biofuel famine from global food price rises due to competition between cars and people is threatening biofuel genocide of billions of people in the Developing World. As estimated from the latest UN Population Division data, already 22 million people die avoidably each year from deprivation and deprivation-exacerbated disease and this is clearly impacted by enormous cereal grain price rises
(see: http://sites.google.com/site
/biofuelgenocide/food-price-rise-1
).

Culpability. Major culpability for the Biofuel Famine and Biofuel Genocide rests with countries which have variously legislatively mandated use of food-derived biofuel in transport vehicles, notably the US, UK, EU, and Australia (as well as some other countries).

7. Climate Holocaust, Climate Genocide (man-made global warming increasingly impacts the current 22 million annual avoidable deaths from deprivation and deprivation-exacerbated disease; estimates from top UK climate scientists Dr James Lovelock and Professor Kevin Anderson point to 10 billion avoidable deaths this century due to unaddressed global warming, this including 6 billion infants, 3 billion Muslims in a near-terminal, 21st century Muslim Holocaust, 2 billion Indians, 1.3 billion non-Arab Africans, 0.5 billion Bengalis, 0.3 billion Pakistanis and 0.3 billion Bangladeshis): http://sites.google.com/site/climategenocide/ .

Details. The carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the Earth’s atmosphere is already at 390 parts per million (ppm) and CO2 concentration is increasing at about 2 ppm per year; global average temperature is already about 1oC above the pre-industrial and is now increasing at about 0.25 oC per decade. Top climate scientists say that we must reduce atmospheric CO2 concentration to about 300 ppm for a safe and sustainable environment for all people and species (see: http://sites.google.com/site/300orgsite/300-org ).

Both Dr James Lovelock FRS (Gaia hypothesis) and Professor Kevin Anderson ( Director, Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Manchester, UK) have recently estimated that fewer than 1 billion people will survive this century due to unaddressed, man-made global warming – noting that the world population is expected to reach 9.5 billion by 2050, these estimates translate to a climate genocide involving deaths of 10 billion people this century, this including 6 billion under-5 year old infants, 3 billion Muslims in a terminal Muslim Holocaust, 2 billion Indians, 1.3 billion non-Arab Africans, 0.5 billion Bengalis, 0.3 billion Pakistanis and 0.3 billion Bangladeshis. Already 22 million people die avoidably every year due to deprivation and deprivation-exacerbated disease – and man-made global warming is already clearly worsening this global avoidable mortality holocaust. However 10 billion avoidable deaths due to global warming this century yields an average annual avoidable death rate of 100 million per year for the 21st century.

Culpability. Collective, national responsibility for this already commenced Climate Holocaust is in direct proportion to per capita national pollution of the atmosphere with greenhouse gases (GHGs). Indeed, fundamental to any international agreement on national rights to pollute our common atmosphere and oceans should be the belief that “all men are created equal”. However reality is otherwise: “annual per capita greenhouse gas (GHG) pollution” in units of “tonnes CO2-equivalent per person per year” (2005-2008 data) is 0.9 (Bangladesh), 0.9 (Pakistan), 2.2 (India), less than 3 (many African and Island countries), 3.2 (the Developing World), 5.5 (China), 6.7 (the World), 11 (Europe), 16 (the Developed World), 27 (the US) and 30 (Australia; or 54 if Australia’s huge Exported CO2 pollution is included) (see: http://bellaciao.org/en/spip.php?article19422 ). Major culpability rests with the US Alliance, NATO, EU, Australia, New Zealand and UK.

C. Summary.

This document represents a formal complaint by Dr Gideon Polya to the Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court re various US Alliance, NATO, EU, Australia, New Zealand and UK involvement in Palestinian Genocide, Iraqi Genocide, Afghan Genocide, Muslim Genocide, Aboriginal Genocide, Biofuel Genocide and Climate Genocide.

The leaders of the US Alliance countries variously involved in these genocidal atrocities notably include George Bush Senior, Bill Clinton, George Bush Junior, Barack Obama, Tony Blair, Gordon Brown, Nicholas Sarkozy, Angela Merkel, Stephen Harper, John Howard, and Kevin Rudd. However a plethora of public servants, military leaders and other national leaders are also involved.

In addition, one notes the overwhelming majority of academics, public servants and journalists who are “accessories after the fact” in relation to these ongoing genocidal atrocities through inaction, ignoring and obfuscation of the immense realities documented above. Thus the taxpayer-funded Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) is the most liberal and ethical of the Mainstream media in Australia but a Search of the “entire ABC site” reveals a scant and inexplicit 9 items in relation to the term “Aboriginal Genocide”, 3 items relating to the term “Aboriginal Holocaust” and essentially zero (0) items in response to searches for the terms “Palestinian Holocaust”, “Iraqi Holocaust”, “Afghan Holocaust”, “Muslim Holocaust”, “Biofuel Holocaust”, “Climate Holocaust”, “Palestinian Genocide”, “Iraqi Genocide”, “Afghan Genocide”, “Muslim Genocide”, “Biofuel Genocide” and “Climate Genocide”.

I understand that the International Criminal Court may be prepared to make initial investigations of formal complaints by individuals (such as this complaint) but will only act to the fullest extent of its remit in response to formal complaints by National Governments.

The overwhelmingly most devastating future prospect is that current deaths from global warming will remorselessly expand to a 10 billion victim Climate Holocaust and Climate Genocide this century from insufficiently addressed man-made global warming. Countries at major risk from sea level rises due to climate change include island nations in the Caribbean, the Indian Ocean and the Pacific (some of which face total extinction) and countries with mega-deltas in Europe, Africa, the Americas and Asia (of which some face catastrophic loss of agriculture and massive population displacements). Such Nations will be receiving copies of this formal complaint and are urged to transmit formal complaints to the International Criminal Court. Formal complaints to the ICC are no doubt to be expected from Palestine, Iraq and Afghanistan after the war criminal occupying forces and their Indigenous puppets depart.

Yours sincerely,

Dr Gideon Polya, Macleod, Melbourne, Victoria 3085, Australia

Dr Gideon Polya currently teaches science students at a major Australian university. He published some 130 works in a 5 decade scientific career, most recently a huge pharmacological reference text "Biochemical Targets of Plant Bioactive Compounds" (CRC Press/Taylor & Francis, New York & London, 2003). He has recently published “Body Count. Global avoidable mortality since 1950” (G.M. Polya, Melbourne, 2007: http://mwcnews.net/Gideon-Polya and http://globalbodycount.blogspot.com/ ); see also his contribution “Australian complicity in Iraq mass mortality” in “Lies, Deep Fries & Statistics” (edited by Robyn Williams, ABC Books, Sydney, 2007): http://www.abc.net.au/rn/science/
ockham/stories/s1445960.htm
). He has just published a revised and updated 2008 version of his 1998 book “Jane Austen and the Black Hole of British History” (see: http://janeaustenand.blogspot.com/ ) as biofuel-, globalization- and climate-driven global food price increases threaten a greater famine catastrophe than the man-made famine in British-ruled India that killed 6-7 million Indians in the “forgotten” World War 2 Bengal Famine (see recent BBC broadcast involving Dr Polya, Economics Nobel Laureate Professor Amartya Sen and others: http://www.open2.net/thingsweforgot
/bengalfamine_programme.html
). When words fail one can say it in pictures - for images of Gideon Polya’s huge paintings for the Planet, Peace, Mother and Child see “Truth , Beauty & Saving the World – Science, Art & Nuclear, Greenhouse & Poverty Threats”:
http://sites.google.com/site/artforpeacepl
anetmotherchild/truth-beauty-saving-the-world
.

2008 Mumbai atrocity: US, UK, Israeli, Muslim or Hindu crime?

2008 Mumbai atrocity. US, UK, Israeli, Muslim or Hindu crime?

Gideon Polya, “2008 Mumbai atrocity. US, UK, Israeli, Muslim or Hindu crime?”, MWC News, 6 December 2008 (only partially cached by Google)..

2008 Mumbai atrocity. US, UK, Israeli, Muslim or Hindu crime?

The appalling November 2008 Mumbai (at least 188 dead and at least 293 injured) comes over 2 years after the appalling 11 July 2006 Mumbai Bombing atrocity (200 commuters killed, 700 wounded). Back in 2006 the 7/11 Mumbai Atrocity could be dispassionately analysed in terms of classical criminal investigation hypotheses based on Motive, Opportunity and Means (MOM), the Means including preparedness to commit such an atrocity, as evidenced by the historical track-record (see my article on MWC News entitled “Mumbai 7/11 Atrocity. US, Israeli or Indigenous crime?”) . The same Motive, Opportunity and Means (MOM) analysis can be applied to the 2008 Mumbai atrocity.

MOTIVE

Western candidates for the 2008 and 2006 Mumbai Atrocities (rationales in parentheses) would include the US (destabilization of Pakistan and increased influence with India, leading to US regional and resource domination; to blame “Islamic terrorism”, noting that the CIA is closely linked to Pakistan’s ISI, which in turn is closely linked to Kashmiri separatists, other jihadis and the formerly US-backed Taliban and Al Qaeda terrorists; to cover its immense crimes in Occupied Iraq and Occupied Afghanistan and elsewhere in the Muslim World); Apartheid Israel (to blame “Islamic terrorism” and to cover its current appalling, obscene and violent mass imprisonment of 4 million Occupied Palestinians, noting that Mossad is closely linked to Indian Intelligence); and the UK (for reasons linked to Anglo-American resource and regional hegemony; to cover its immense crimes in Occupied Iraq and Occupied Afghanistan in which post-invasion excess deaths total 2 million and 4-6 million, respectively; post-invasion under-5 infant deaths total 0.6 million and 2.1 million, respectively; and refugees total 6 million and 4 million, respectively) (see MWC News article “9-11 excuse for US global genocide. The real 9-11 atrocity: millions dead [9-11 million] in Bush Wars”).

The prime South Asian candidates for the 2008 and 2006 Mumbai Atrocities would include Hindu extremists both inside and outside the Indian Government and with or without US, UK or Israeli collusion (fostering of communal hatred for political reasons; excuse for further constraints on human rights and political activism in desperately impoverished India in which the prosperous middle and upper classes rule an impoverished majority and annual avoidable deaths from deprivation total about 3.7 million people out of a population of 1.1 billion) (see “Body Count. Global avoidable mortality since 1950” , G.M. Polya, Melbourne, 2007).

The only obvious motive of violent Muslim jihadi groups (notably Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), Kashmiri separatists and the formerly CIA- backed Taliban and Al Qaeda) would be revenge for Western or Indian crimes against Muslims, this indeed being the asserted motive trumpeted by the Mainstream media. However the Mumbai commuters and Western tourists targeted in these attacks are utterly innocent of crimes against Muslims. Furthermore, the consequences of the Mumbai Atrocities could clearly be anticipated to be attacks on Muslims in India and elsewhere; more vigorous anti-terrorist activity by governments in South Asia and indeed world-wide; huge damage to their various causes; and huge benefit to anti-Arab anti-Semitic and Islamophobic UK, US and Israeli state terrorism, imperialism and power. The only obvious motive of the US CIA-influenced Pakistan Inter-Service Intelligence (ISI) would be to serve US interests – but this would be at the cost of serious detriment to Pakistani economic and security interests, as evidenced by the huge and acutely dangerous global and Indian reaction based on the UK-, US- and Israeli-promoted “Muslim extremist” hypothesis.

OPPORTUNITY

The UK, US and Apartheid Israel have increasingly intimate connections with the Indian Government, Indian military and Indian Intelligence. India is a major holiday destination for Israeli military personnel and there are huge family and business connections between the UK and India. Indian Government, Indian Intelligence and Hindu extremists would have vastly greater access, anonymity and opportunity than foreigners. Conversely, one supposes that Indian Intelligence and other Services would be keeping very close tabs on any people likely to be linked to violent Muslim extremist groups.

MEANS

“The Means” encompasses two distinct areas, namely (a) technical means and (b) preparedness to recruit, train and unleash terrorists to commit mass murder. One supposes that all “groups of interest”, i.e. UK, US, Israeli, Muslim and Hindu groups, would have the technical means to send 10 (possibly 15 or more) well-trained, lethally-equipped gunmen into Mumbai to ultimately kill 188 and wound 293 people. Thus in the US Columbine High School Massacre (1999), 2 un-trained teenage students killed 12 people and wounded 23 others before committing suicide. However preparedness for Governments, Government Agencies or jihadi organizations to recruit and train Indigenous South Asians to commit mass murder is another matter and must be addressed objectively by looking at the historical track records of the various “groups of interests”.

Britain has an appalling record of not only conducting genocide in India but of recruiting willing Indigenous South Asian accessories. Thus the 1757 Battle of Plassey, that delivered Bengal and ultimately all of South Asia into the hands of the British, was won with Indigenous complicity. The subsequent 1769-1770 Great Bengal Famine that killed 10 million Bengalis involved Indigenous Indian tax collectors. The ability of thousands of British soldiers to hold a country of 200-400 million inhabitants for 2 centuries required Indigenous Indian soldiers or sepoys. This broke down in the Indian First War of Independence in 1857 (known to the British as the Indian Mutiny) when sepoys revolted; however the 1857 Rebellion was put down with great ferocity and Indian historian Amaresh Misra in his 2008 book "War of Civilizations: India AD 1857" has estimated that the British murdered 10 million Indians in a genocidal, post-1857 orgy of massacres…

UN Genocide Convention


1948 UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide

UN GENOCIDE CONVENTION: "acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group"

UN Genocide Convention.

“Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, Adopted by Resolution 260 (III) A of the United Nations General Assembly on 9 December 1948.

Article 1

The Contracting Parties confirm that genocide, whether committed in time of peace or in time of war, is a crime under international law which they undertake to prevent and to punish.

Article 2

In the present Convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:

(a) Killing members of the group;

(b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group;

(c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part;

(d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;

(e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.

Article 3

The following acts shall be punishable:

(a) Genocide;

(b) Conspiracy to commit genocide;

(c) Direct and public incitement to commit genocide;

(d) Attempt to commit genocide;

(e) Complicity in genocide.

Article 4

Persons committing genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in Article 3 shall be punished, whether they are constitutionally responsible rulers, public officials or private individuals.

Article 5

The Contracting Parties undertake to enact, in accordance with their respective Constitutions, the necessary legislation to give effect to the provisions of the present Convention and, in particular, to provide effective penalties for persons guilty of genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in Article 3.

Article 6

Persons charged with genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in Article 3 shall be tried by a competent tribunal of the State in the territory of which the act was committed, or by such international penal tribunal as may have jurisdiction with respect to those Contracting Parties which shall have accepted its jurisdiction.

Article 7

Genocide and the other acts enumerated in Article 3 shall not be considered as political crimes for the purpose of extradition.

The Contracting Parties pledge themselves in such cases to grant extradition in accordance with their laws and treaties in force.

Article 8

Any Contracting Party may call upon the competent organs of the United Nations to take such action under the Charter of the United Nations as they consider appropriate for the prevention and suppression of acts of genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in Article 3.

Article 9

Disputes between the Contracting Parties relating to the interpretation, application or fulfilment of the present Convention, including those relating to the responsibility of a State for genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in Article 3, shall be submitted to the International Court of Justice at the request of any of the parties to the dispute.

Article 10

The present Convention, of which the Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall bear the date of 9 December 1948.

Article 11

The present Convention shall be open until 31 December 1949 for signature on behalf of any Member of the United Nations and of any non-member State to which an invitation to sign has been addressed by the General Assembly.

The present Convention shall be ratified, and the instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

After 1 January 1950, the present Convention may be acceded to on behalf of any Member of the United Nations and of any non-member State which has received an invitation as aforesaid.

Instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

Article 12

Any Contracting Party may at any time, by notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, extend the application of the present Convention to all or any of the territories for the conduct of whose foreign relations that Contracting Party is responsible.

Article 13

On the day when the first twenty instruments of ratification or accession have been deposited, the Secretary-General shall draw up a proces-verbal and transmit a copy of it to each Member of the United Nations and to each of the non-member States contemplated in Article 11.

The present Convention shall come into force on the ninetieth day following the date of deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification or accession.

Any ratification or accession effected subsequent to the latter date shall become effective on the ninetieth day following the deposit of the instrument of ratification or accession.

Article 14

The present Convention shall remain in effect for a period of ten years as from the date of its coming into force.

It shall thereafter remain in force for successive periods of five years for such Contracting Parties as have not denounced it at least six months before the expiration of the current period.

Denunciation shall be effected by a written notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

Article 15

If, as a result of denunciations, the number of Parties to the present Convention should become less than sixteen, the Convention shall cease to be in force as from the date on which the last of these denunciations shall become effective.

Article 16

A request for the revision of the present Convention may be made at any time by any Contracting Party by means of a notification in writing addressed to the Secretary-General.

The General Assembly shall decide upon the steps, if any, to be taken in respect of such request.

Article 17

The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall notify all Members of the United Nations and the non-member States contemplated in Article 11 of the following:

(a) Signatures, ratifications and accessions received in accordance with Article 11;

(b) Notifications received in accordance with Article 12;

(c) The date upon which the present Convention comes into force in accordance with Article 13;

(d) Denunciations received in accordance with Article 14;

(e) The abrogation of the Convention in accordance with Article 15;

(f) Notifications received in accordance with Article 16.

Article 18

The original of the present Convention shall be deposited in the archives of the United Nations.

A certified copy of the Convention shall be transmitted to all Members of the United Nations and to the non-member States contemplated in Article 11.

Article 19

The present Convention shall be registered by the Secretary-General of the United Nations on the date of its coming into force.”

[1]. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, Adopted by Resolution 260 (III) A of the United Nations General Assembly on 9 December 1948: http://www.hrweb.org/legal/genocide.html .